World War One Poetry Essay Example

World War One Poetry Essay Look into the reason and style of Wilfred Owens First World War verse with the reason and style of contemporary enlistment sonnets. The Ballad of Peace and War-Wilfred Owen Dulce et Decorum Est-Wilfred Owen Anthem for Doomed Youth-Wilfred Owen Whos for the Game?- Jessie Pope Fall In-Harold Begbie What passing ringers for the individuals who kick the bucket as cows? Wilfred Owen, Anthem for Doomed Youth Who needs a go to himself in the show? Jessie Pope, Whos for the Game? We will compose a custom paper test on World War One Poetry explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on World War One Poetry explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on World War One Poetry explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The First World War started in 1914, after the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on the 28th of June. The beneficiary to the Austro-Hungarian seat was shot by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb understudy. As revenge for this, Austria-Hungary requested that Serbia rebuffed those associated with the shooting. The contention raised as the Austro-Hungarian government considered that Serbia had not satisfied this interest and proclaimed war. The significant European forces had joined the war inside half a month because of complex worldwide collusions. In this way the first war had become the principal worldwide military clash; the Entente or Allied forces, the British Empire, Russia, France and in the long run Italy ; America, against the Central powers, the Austro-Hungarian, German and Ottoman Empires. World War One is additionally portrayed as the primary present day war and is especially noted for the utilization of channel fighting, which brought about an expected 8.3 million military l osses. At the point when the war broke out in August 1914, Britain depended on a little expert power, contrasting from other European forces which had immense recruit armed forces. Be that as it may, as the quantity of setbacks developed and subtleties of the officers unforgiving encounters in the French channels arrived at the British open, men got hesitant to join the military. The decrease in volunteers prompted the dispatch of an across the nation crusade by the Secretary of State for War, Lord Kitchener. This battle expected to grow new armed forces comprised of a huge number of volunteers. As a major aspect of the battle, different papers distributed selecting sonnets. These sonnets, joined with an across the country banner activity, assisted with making monstrous social strain to join the military upon the countries youngsters. The selecting sonnets were composed by individuals, for example, Jessie Pope, who had never experienced war and the sonnets appealing styles with basic rhyme plans mirror their motivation of attempting to urge youngsters to join the war exertion. The lively selecting effort, in any case, was an unmistakable difference to the cruel real factors of channel fighting. Wilfred Owen drew on his horrendous encounters in the war to compose incredible enemy of war verse, with direction from Siegfried Sassoon. Owen had been anxious to join the military and was sent to France toward the finish of 1916; the repulsions of fight immediately changed Owen and his compositio n. The serious style of Owens sonnets mirrored their motivation of delineating the truth of war, repudiating the star war battle. This selecting effort, in any case, got superfluous after enrollment was presented in 1916. Prior to his own encounters in fight, Owen was a supporter of the war, drafting the master war sonnet The Ballad of Peace and War. Owen was anxious to chip in for his nation and left his showing position in France to do as such, telling his mom I currently would most seriously like to battle. The accompanying spring, Owen got back a changed man, experiencing shell-stun. The Ballad of Peace and War is a conspicuous difference to Owens later sonnets, showing how his encounters in the channels changed his assessment of war. The Ballad of Peace and War has a straightforward ABAB rhyme plot, as did the enrollment verse, and an energetic style. In this sonnet, Owen proclaimed Oh meet it is and passing sweet to live content with others, yet better still and unmistakably progressively meet to kick the bucket in war for siblings These lines show Owens unique conviction that it is meet or fitting to pass on so as to spare the spirit of England. This was a conviction that Owen later taunted, wh en he had come back from fight, in Dulce et Decorum Est. Dulce et Decorum Est, extraordinary compared to other known sonnets of the twentieth century, shows Owens takeoff from his initial composing style, exhibited in The Ballad of Peace and War. The title of the sonnet, itself a joke of Owens prior work, begins from a sonnet by the Roman writer Horace. The expression was abundantly cited all through the nineteenth century, when the British Empire was at its pinnacle, especially during the Boer War and toward the beginning of World War One. The total expression, Dulce et dignity est ace patria mori., implies It is sweet and fitting to bite the dust for your nation. Owen alludes to this expression as the old Lie and uses it to assault the stay-at-home supporters of the war. The style of the sonnet is a complexity to the melody style of Owens unique verse. In spite of the fact that Owen has kept on utilizing the basic ABAB rhyme plot, Dulce et Decorum Est shows Owens utilization of language and enjambment to give the sonnet a feeling of conf usion, while likewise deriding the basic rhyme conspire utilized in enrollment verse, for example, Whos for the Game? by Jessie Pope, demonstrating their error to his crowd. Owen additionally utilizes short sentences and capital letters in lines, for example, Gas! GAS! to pass on the feeling of frenzy he encountered in the channels. Another procedure utilized by Owen in Dulce et Decorum Est is the utilization of tactile language to make realistic symbolism. Lines, for example, Gargling from the foam ruined lungs, evoke terrible pictures in the brain of the peruser. These methods help Owen to accomplish his motivation of communicating the revulsions of channel fighting to the peruser, consequently neutralizing the impacts of ace war enlistment verse. Dulce et Decorum Est was initially tended to legitimately to Jessie Pope, an artist and war lover, who composed sonnets, for example, Whos for the Game? on the side of the enrollment crusade. Owen alludes to Pope in the last lines of the sonnet as my companion and announces that Pope would not rush to urge youngsters to join the military on the off chance that she had encountered life in the channels. These l ines are utilized by Owen to underscore the paradoxes of the enlistment battle, which was driven by those without experience of channel fighting. Jessie Pope was a notable columnist who helped the enrollment crusade by composing war verse for the Daily Mail and the Daily Express. Her composing reflected mainstream mentalities inside society during the First World War and Pope herself has gotten scandalous after Owens reference to her in his first draft of Dulce et Decorum Est. Popes sonnet Whos for the Game? looks at war to don so as to accomplish the reason for enlistment verse, which is to convince men to join the military. Utilizing lines, for example, Wholl fall in line for the sign to Go!? furthermore, conversational language, for example, It wont be a cookout, Pope makes a casual, cordial style while building the examination of war to brandish. This suggests war is a trifling, fun side interest like games, which adds influential clout to the sonnet, especially as sports are a generally male action. The agreeable style of the sonnet additionally assists with accomplishing Popes reason in light of the fact that the peruser is bound to believe the substance of the verse in the event that they feel a bond with the creator. Popes utilization of language additionally adds to this style. Popes selection of verb modifiers, for example, excitedly, hold positive meanings which subliminally infer to the peruser that the war will be entertaining. This is a differentiation to Owens decision of language in Dulce et Decorum Est and Anthem for Doomed Youth, where words hold negative meanings, accordingly communicating the repulsions of channel fighting. A case of this is Owens utilization of the word frequenting with ramifications of death. Another strategy utilized by Pope to accomplish her motivation is the utilization of facetious inquiries, for example, Wholl give his nation a hand?, which power the peruser to ask themselves these inquiries and uncertainty their sentiments on the off chance that they contrast from those of the creator. Moreover Popes basic ABAB rhyme plot, differentiating to Owens amusing utilization of enjambment to turn this rhyme conspire in Dulce et Decorum Est, gives the sonnet an infectious style which mean the sonnet itself is bound to stay in the perusers mind and is accordingly bound to dodge their cognizant suppositions and convince them into Popes perspective. In any case, in Whos for the Game? Pop e embodies England as a lady who needs assistance, alluding to the nation as she, which goes about as a powerful method for men by animating their inborn senses to secure females. Additionally, Owen utilizes the trouble of ladies to impart feeling inside the peruser, in the line the paleness of young ladies temples in Anthem for Doomed Youth. Another of Owens sonnets, composed with broad help from Sassoon in the mid year of 1917, is the Anthem for Doomed Youth. The motivation behind this sonnet, likewise with all of Owens later work, was to communicate the revulsions of channel fighting to the peruser, in this way neutralizing the impacts of expert war enlistment verse and building up a mentality of restriction to war inside the peruser. In the Anthem for Doomed Youth, Owen thinks about the dehumanized setbacks of the First World War to the proper burial service functions of peacetime in the miserable shires of Britain. Owen likewise utilizes creature symbolism and non-serious inquiries, What passing chimes for the individuals who kick the bucket as cows?, as convincing strategies to suggest that the passings of warriors are dealt with comparatively to the butcher of cows. The non-serious inquiries are utilized by Owen to make the peruser question their previously established inclinations. Owen likewise utilizes juxtaposi tion inside lines, for example, The sharp, psychotic ensembles of moaning shells. to

Achieving Emphasis in Essay Text

Accomplishing Emphasis in Essay Text One of the most significant parts of value exposition, article, novel or some other sort of paper is getting and holding reader’s attention. In request to ensure yourâ essays or articles are perused start to finish, I’m going to show you various ways you can accomplish accentuation in content. All things considered, you don’t need your educator, customer, or guest of your blog or site to think the content is exhausting and quit understanding it, isn't that so? Getting someone’s consideration notâ only requires intriguing and useful substance. You need to realize how to appropriately stress certain pieces of the content. What I like the most about underscoring content is that you can do as such from numerous points of view. This permits you to actualize differentâ essay strategiesâ while composing. Content gadgets Back in time, individuals couldn’t depend on different highlights in MS Word to accomplish visual accentuation in content. So as to achieve this, they utilized underlining in the typescript. At that point, typesetter in the print shop would utilize italic textual style for the underlined words. Indeed, even today, one of the most widely recognized and least demanding methods of accentuating content is to Italianize or underline the expression or a solitary word. With assortment of choices we need to make certain expressions of expressions outwardly stick out, it’s essential to utilize them appropriately. Here are a few models. Italics †unobtrusive worrying of the words, gives light accentuation Underline †utilized for accentuation of complete expression, more persistent than italics Intense †used to have solid effect and make pressure Size †greater text styles stick out, while little textual styles retreat. Be that as it may, you ought to be mindful so as not to blend text dimensions excessively or content would look unappealing. In a perfect world, utilize greater textual styles for subheadings and section titles, while standard text dimension ought to be utilized for content Accentuation! †for instance, shout mark adds additional accentuation to the whole sentence, yet you should utilize them sparingly. At the point when utilized exorbitantly, outcry marks don’t accomplish wanted impact Visual cues †causing to notice significant data to show key realities and it’s additionally engaging simultaneously Shading †more splendid hues stand apart more and they are utilized for accomplishing greater effect while darker shading are progressively unobtrusive. Plan and selection of words Other than different content gadgets, you can tell your perusers that what follows in content is significant by utilizing explicit words to communicate the accentuation for example especially, urgently, moreover, most importantly, above all and so forth. You can likewise make an incredible accentuation by rehashing certain words or expressions for example catchphrases. This additionally improve aâ cohesive impact. Normally, you should keep this impact direct and endeavor not to rehash certain expressions to an extreme. Something else, highlighting a few pieces of the content wouldn’t cause wanted effect on peruser. Model: There are couples who despise each another angrily for a few hours in turn; there are couples who detest each other for all time; and there are couples who never disdain each other; however these last are individuals who are unequipped for loathing anyone. (George Bernard Shaw) Another method of underscoring content is to leave from the essential basic examples of the language. For instance, reversal of subject-action word object design into object-subject-action word express is an extraordinary thought. Model: He was cutting the grass to pursue away the boredom†¦ The grass he was cutting to pursue away the boredom†¦ Preferably, words or expressions you’d like to emphasize ought to be put close to beginnings or endings of sentences. In addition, you should never put words you need to underscore in subordinate conditions! Model: You can’t deny the way that innovation has had a ground-breaking effect onto business world today. Unquestionably, the effect of innovation onto business world today has been ground-breaking. Different approaches to accomplish accentuation Utilize an inquiry after arrangement of articulations Spot subordinate statement before principle condition Incorporate short sentences (utilizing assortment sentences causes content to appear to be rough, yet including them now and again keeps readers’ consideration and stresses specific piece of content) Utilize differentiating words or expressions. While adding accentuation to content you’re thinking of you ought to maintain a strategic distance from some regular snares that accompany want to make something stick out. Continuously remember that control is the key and ensure you don’t try too hard. Besides, consistency is the key especially when utilizing visual apparatuses to underscore the content. I ensured the article contains simple tips and deceives that you can without much of a stretch execute into your future undertakings or school ventures. With these basic hacks, you’ll keep readers’ consideration and make your work outwardly engaging simultaneously. Isn’t that what we as a whole need in any case?

Why Freelancers and SMEs Should Consider Using a VPN

Why Freelancers and SMEs Should Consider Using a VPN Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Why Freelancers and SMEs Should Consider Using a VPNUpdated On 09/01/2018Author : Ram kumarTopic : Social MediaShort URL : https://hbb.me/2DcBK78 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogElectricity bills, house rent, internet fee, food budget, clothing allowance, and a whole lot more which includes money. Sometimes a single job is not just enough! So, what do we do?In today’s ever-changing world with a lot of alteration in trends and minimum requirements for survival in the 21st-century society, a single job which pays the minimum salary grade is insufficient for the needs and wants of each individual especially to those who have their own family. So, to adapt to these changes, people tend to have multiple jobs. But, the problems that arise with engaging in numerous occupations is time management and work distribution. One solution for this is to work freelance, have a home -based business and be a social media entrepreneur since the internet is accessible to most places both local and international.Freelancing is an effective way of ensuring that you have money to spend for additional expenses. Furthermore, this allows you to have control over your client and the type of job which suits your ability and schedule. Home-based business partnered with social media entrepreneurship is also a great opportunity to consider since strong social media presence is an operative tool to promote your brand.Now, the difficulty to earn more has been partially solved, the next challenge is how to ensure that these money-making opportunities will work. Factors that must be considered are the products or services, the market or audience, and data security or working on with sensitive data. This is a worldwide phenomenon and Hong Kong has listed the Top 10 Freelance Jobs of 2017, five of these are may be done online such as Online Language Tutor, Data Entry, Graphic Desi gner, Writer, and Video Production.For the product and services, Online Language Tutoring uses communication software such as Skype to teach the clients based on the schedule agreed upon by the tutor and the tutee. In addition, learning is better with more senses involved such as hearing and seeing which will convey verbal, non-verbal, and paralanguage forms of communication. Next, Data Entry comprises encoding from a source or recording that could be a video for subtitles such as in movies, documentaries, or just raw videos. You can work in offices or just at home with a company supplying you with assignments. Then, Graphic Designing and Video Production can be done at home with the social media as your platform of advertisement. These sorts can be small to midsize to large-scale designing and editing. Lastly is writing, who says writing cannot be a source of income without a publishing company? One can start a blog with two social media platforms such as Twitter and LinkedIn to ga in market and followers. One can also try web content writing, where information and related articles will be provided for the writer to create his own article for the company he is working for.To catch and sustain the attention and interest of the market or audience it is important to keep in mind that working on with followers does not solely relies on the likes, comments, and shares, the content itself must be interactive and comprehensive for users. To increase participation, first, the content must be relatable; it is advisable to use the first-person point of view for the reading to be more personal, also it must be delivered with humor and too much use of technical words is discouraged, photos and videos are suitable. Second, owners must understand their analytics such as identifying the engagement, track reach, and trends to cope up with fashion and styles. Third, updates must be posted on optimal times of the days, research shows that 10-11AM of Tuesdays and 7-8AM to 5-6PM of Wednesdays and Thursdays are the peaks; furthermore, updates must be frequent and consistent. Fourth, there must be a variety of content with fresh and significant infographics, videos, pictures which could be memes. Lastly, business visibility must be improved where keywords relevant to your site can easily lead followers.READDoes Advertising On Social Networks Work And To What Degree?Now that the product or service, and market or audience has been ensured, the final factor which is working on with sensitive data is all that is left. Virtual Private Network or VPN which enables two or more device to connect without interference, snooping, and censorship issues is an answer to this.Freelancers and Social Media Entrepreneurs should consider using VPN because of the following reasons:Using a VPN provides a smoother internet connection. When accessing the internet, we all want quality ones although some VPN, usually the free ones, have limited bandwidth for a specific place which ca uses delays and slow speed.Using a VPN is a lot safer. Hackers cannot access your IP address with it, only the IP address of the VPN server. This means you can surf anonymously with no personal data such as location and name on the internet.You can access blocked websites with VPN. Since some websites are blocked due to geographical positions and some are locally blocked, surfing the internet with the use of VPN with the location of the VPN server evades any blockades.Using VPN allows you to disseminate files with clients in a swift way since the local network is used at the same time safe due to the reason mentioned earlier. As a business-minded person, you may want to share files in a fast but secure manner.VPN is not expensive. For a person who, in the first place, freelance and opt for social media entrepreneurship for extra income, he must select something low-cost but a quality investment. You may visit vpnalert.com for more information about VPNs.The Internet has indeed open gates for more opportunities, these prospects may have been easy but challenging most of the times. With the ever-changing world we are left with do or die situations and as human beings we always choose to live and survive, and to do this we must learn to adapt and to invest in things which will help us cope up. This may be hard but it is worth the risk and effort if it means a more comfortable living and a step or two higher on the socioeconomic ladder.

Compare/Contrast Essay Brother Dear and The Charmer

Compare/Contrast Essay The Canadian short stories â€Å"Brother Dear† by Bernice Friesen and â€Å"The Charmer† written by Budge Wilson focus on the struggles and common conflicts between parents and their children during adolescence. Both stories are told in the younger sister’s point of view and show how everyone matures and gains independence throughout and at the end of the story. Friesen and Wilson’s short stories over all focus mainly on the theme of dysfunctional families; which can be represented through the characters, symbolism, and conflict in the stories. Both parts of the family: the parents and the children, play a part in what is considered a ‘dysfunctional family’. In the story â€Å"Brother Dear† the son Greg is expected to stay and†¦show more content†¦Considering how lenient the father was with Zack and allowing him to get away with so much and forgiving him all the time, even if he had expectations for Zack that he didn’t go through with, he probably would’ve used his charm to get out of the situation. The short stories â€Å"Brother Dear† and â€Å"The Charmer† contain symbolism that represents the theme of dysfunctional families. In â€Å"Brother Dear†, when Greg returns home he has garbage bags of laundry with him. The garbage bags could symbolize the fact that Greg has returned home to tell his parents that he didn’t make it to the final exam and he isn’t continuing his schooling, which could be referred to as his garbage that he is dumping off or emptying at his house. In â€Å"The Charmer† Zack’s mother calls him a â€Å"real devil† (Viewpoints 103). â€Å"Devils are considered fallen angels, and can often fool you for a very long time† (Viewpoints 103). So Zack is considered a devil because of how he wrongfully fools his family all of the time to get what he wants, and because he has addictions to gambl ing and drinking. When Greg in â€Å"Brother Dear† is caught flaring his nostrils when Sharlene asks him if he has a girlfriend, Sharlene stays that he is â€Å"hiding something† (Viewpoints 28) when he flares his nostrils. This could symbolize the fact that not only is he hiding something about his relationship status, but he is hiding the truth about how he didn’t make it

McCarthyism aka The Red Scare in Herblocks The Crucible

â€Å"Loose lips sink ships†, was a popular term coined in the early 1940’s to suppress communism. This quote along with many other movies, books, art and music, have come out of that time to show the effect of McCarthyism aka â€Å"The Red Scare†. Herblock a political cartoonist and Arthur Miller the author of â€Å"The Crucible† both had a large impact on people’s intake of McCarthyism. There are similarities and differences between Herblock and Miller and the way they went about telling the story of McCarthyism. But they both expressed through different mediums how harmful the effects of McCarthyism left on the nation. The differences between them are detailed within their work and the similarities are they both realized one person was in charge but had not a lot of power and another person with the actual power. And they both realized the fake evidence that Senator McCarthy was giving out and related that fact into their form of art. One of the similarities between Herblock and Miller is they both show one person in charge but with supposed power and another character with actual person with the actual power. Herblock shows this in a political cartoon called â€Å"Have a care, Sir†. This cartoon shows Senator Joe McCarthy holding a butchers knife confronting a scared President Eisenhower. The President has a sword sheath but in place of a knife he pulls out a feather. This cartoon shows that even though the President is realistically the man with power he is powerless in this situation

Essay on Amadeus Influential Values - 686 Words

Amadeus Influential Values Peter Shaffer’s Amadeus presents to the reader many human values. The most prominent being envy, deceit and self-sacrifice. During the course of the play these features are displayed through Salieri’s actions, emotions and dialogue. The relationship between Salieri and Mozart is like a painting, commencing with splattered envy after Mozart’s extordinary musical talents disrupt Salieri’s clean, white, sanity. Splatters become blotches when Mozart uses Salieri’s â€Å"prize pupil† (33), Katherina Cavalieri, to fulfill his professional and sexual aspirations. Covered in thick, black envy, Salieri seeks lust to better himself than his opponent: â€Å"As I watched her walk away on the arm of the creature, I†¦show more content†¦Salieri trying to interfere with Mozart’s opera, The Marriage of Figaro displays his second step of deceit. Upon hearing that Mozart’s new opera contained ballet, which is verboten in the Emperor’s operas, he wickedly conveys this information to his colleagues and attempts to destroy his opera. Although Mozart is distressed when approached by this fact, he still manages to work through his deceit and is able to achieve the emperor ’s consent of the dance after being harassed and mentally walloped on from Salieri and his colleagues. Mozart accuses Salieri at the beginning of this uproar but is then altered after hearing this following quote from Salieri displaying his feign concern for the stressed fellow: â€Å"Mozart, permit me. If you wish, I will speak to the Emperor myself. Ask him to attend a rehearsal† (70). Salieri’s third step of deceit is illustrated by having the Baron attend a small opera hosted by Mozart that mocks modern day opera themes. This of course enrages the Baron and causes Mozart to be shunned by all men of influence and leads him deeper into depression. Salieri â€Å"had of course suggested it† (92), for the Baron to come but keeps his amity with Mozart by expressing that â€Å"all is not lost† (93). The final step of deceit is exhibited by way of Salieri appearing â€Å"to the demented creature as – the Messenger of God!† (94) And scaring him to death by forcing him to write his own requiem. With Mozart at his weakest state,Show MoreRelatedThe Age Of The Enlightenment1646 Words   |  7 Pagesindividualistic thinking. Rather than focusing on a unified peace, revolutionaries, such as Thomas Paine, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Johann von Goethe and Jane Austen, of the late 18th and 19th century emphasized the passion of self-expression within the individual. Thomas Paine exemplifies the passionate, individualistic expression of the late 18th and early 19th century in his highly influential pamphlet entitled Common Sense. In this short, easily accessible pamphlet, Thomas Paine uses excellent commandRead MoreThe Importance of Function Over Form in the Classical Concerto1406 Words   |  6 Pagescohesive character that embodied the natural. Though the series of changes from the Baroque concerto grosso to the Classical concerto were gradual and cannot be attributed to a single composer, the Piano Concerto No. 20 in D minor K. 466 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a skillful representation of the genre in that era. Of particular interest in this concerto is the treatment of sonata form in the first movement. When compared to other instrumental genres of that era, there is a tangible divide betweenRead MoreThe Individualism Of The American Colonies1693 Words   |  7 Pagespassionate revolution. The emphasis on individualism and passionate expression of the self during the late 18th and early 19th century is also exemplified in the musical realm through the revolutionary work of one of the most highly influential musicians, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. At the time of Mozart’s birth, the most popular and conventional music was created in the style of the Renaissance and Baroque periods. After the discovery of Mozart’s prodigal musical genius and honing his skill through severalRead MoreBenefits of Music Essay1038 Words   |  5 Pageswere the words of Sergei Rachmaninoff, a Russian composer and pianist who was very influential in the twentieth century. Sergei had a very accurate perception of music and he understood the significance that music has. For some people, music is the center of their lives and it is the foundation on how they live. Everybody knows what music is and they all have heard a form of it but most people underestimate the value and power music h as in our everyday lives. Whether they know it or not music can affectRead MoreThe Power of Music Essay996 Words   |  4 Pageslifetime is not enough for music.† These were the words of Sergei Rachmaninoff, a Russian composer and pianist who was very influential in the twentieth century. Sergei’s perception of music was accurate because he understood the impact and significance music can have. Everybody knows what music is and they all have heard a form of it but most people underestimate the value and power music has in our everyday lives. Whether they know it or not music plays a vital role in the lives of people todayRead MoreClassical And Romantic Eras Of Music1268 Words   |  6 PagesFundamental changes in musical styles are often brought on by the changes in the environment in which the music evolves from. Both the Classical and Romantic eras of music offer influential aspects of music. In order for significant and noticeable changes to occur in music, the soc iety surrounding it must also change. Significant social and political movements often bring on these stylistic changes in music. These changes can range from the way personality is expressed in music to the actual orchestrationRead MoreThe Works Of Haydn And Mozart940 Words   |  4 Pagesresponsible for bringing Viennese Classicism to its greatest height. In the public eye, these two great composers could not be more different, whether it is in terms of their characters or values. This essay sets out to explore the similarities and differences in the early lives of these two gifted individuals, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and (Franz) Joseph Haydn, through their backgrounds and music education. Mozart, who was born in 1756 in Salzburg, was Haydn’s junior by twenty-four years. By the time heRead MoreAmadeus : An Enlightening Approach Essay2767 Words   |  12 PagesJaved Hira Professor Prasanta Chakraborty English M.A (final) 4th Sem. April 13, 2014 Amadeus: An Enlightening Approach Abstract: Forman’s tormented, iconoclastic subjects are often pitted against iconic or impersonal antagonists, but Amadeus conflict remains rivetingly intimate, inspite of its sumptuous, larger –than life settings Tasha Robinson, AV club.(line 1) The â€Å"Man†, The â€Å"Muse†, The†Madness†,†The†Murder† (?), The â€Å"Motion Picture†---.So goes the tagline.... but we can add some more....theRead MoreWolfgang Amadeus Mozart ( 1756-1791 )1433 Words   |  6 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) is without a doubt one of the most influential composers to have ever lived. From his piano works to his symphonies, Mozart never ceased to amaze people with his music. He had a very exciting career that began in his childhood that involved traveling to different cities and performing and writing music for a number of large and well-respected audiences. Along with Mozart’s obviously notable works, his sacred music was also exceptionally popular at the time, asRead MoreOperations Management in a Travel Agency4951 Words   |  20 Pagesproducts which are close substitutes for each other (e.g. the car industry, the travel industry). Some industries are more profitable than others. The answer lies in understanding the dynamics of competitive structure in an industry. The most influential analytical model for assessing the nature of competition in an industry is Michael Porters Five Forces Model, which is described below: In the present scenario:- The bargaining power of suppliers is low, compounded by the independence of the Travel

Andy Warhol Essay Thesis Example For Students

Andy Warhol Essay Thesis Andy Warhol Born Andrew Warhol on August 6, 1928 in the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Andy Whorls parents were Slovakian immigrants. His father, Indore Warhol, was a construction worker and his mother, Julia Warhol, was an embroiderer. They were devout Catholics who attended mass regularly, and maintained much of their Slovakian culture and heritage. At the age of 8, Warhol was diagnosed with Chorea a rare and sometimes fatal disease of the nervous system that left him sick for several months. It was during these months, while Warhol was sick in bed, that his mother, herself a skillful artist, gave him his first drawing lessons. He passed away on February 22, 1987. Warhol attended Holmes Elementary school and took the free art classes offered at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh. Warhol began at Sciences High School, and upon graduating, in 1945, he enrolled at the Carnegie Institute for Technology to study pictorial design. When he graduated with his bachelors in art he moved to new York. s portrait untitled from Marilyn Monroe is basically Just a picture of Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn is an example of the successful evolution of Whorls goal of erasing signs of the artists hand from the production process. brills boxesWarhol presented the viewer with exact replicas of commonly used products found in homes and supermarkets. self portraitWhorls self portraits that he created throughout his career reveal an underlying theme of performance. By using repetitive images, each slightly different to the next, Warhol produces the illusion of movement. Andy Warhol was a strange man and that was his gift that brought us a new way of looking at the things, people, the world. He took ordinary things that we were so used to that we didnt really notice them and from his unusual perspective made them new and interesting and art. His mother influenced him to become an artist because when he contracted his condition she was the one who taught him how to draw when he was bed sick. The first painting of Marilyn Monroe, made me feel like it was true about how when she first had passed away everyone was devastated. They cried they were sad. He was very successful communicating his message. The second painting of Brills Boxes, it honestly Just looks like carriages. Its nasty and I dont know why supermarkets would ever have them. He did succeed delivering his message. The last painting of himself, his self portrait was kind of creepy. He may think of himself in a different way but in my perspective I didnt like that painting

Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Example Essay Example

Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Example Paper Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Introduction The contemporary map of conflicts in Africa does not showcase Nigeria- and for a good reason: there are no international peace keeping forces there. The main theatres of conflict on the continent have for the better part of the last two decades been the Great Lakes region, the Horn of Africa, and parts of West Africa. These include countries such as: Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Somalia, Sudan, Sierra Leone and Cà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½te d’Ivoire. To the Horn of Africa sample must be added Eritrea, which despite having secured independence from Ethiopia, still has unresolved border issues with that country. However, as far as armed conflicts are concerned, Nigeria does have some experience – if one recalls that between 1967 and 1970, only a few years after gaining independence from Britain (in 1960), the country was engulfed in a bloody civil war. It cannot be reasonably assumed that the Nigerian government and people have done all they should to prevent the tensions and ‘civil disturbances’ which frequently erupt, or have become endemic, in different parts of the country from escalating into ‘bleeding’ conflicts. Such tensions include the restiveness in the Niger Delta (Nigeria’s oil and gas province) – a region that has since the early 1990s witnessed an almost unbroken orgy of violence and militarization. Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Body Paragraphs The Niger Delta lies in the south of the country and consists of nine states and nearly 70,000 square kilometers of land and waterways. This area accounts for over 90 per cent of Nigeria’s known gas and oil reserves, which in turn accounted for nearly 80 per cent of total government revenues. As Nigeria’s economic powerhouse, the Delta is important to the country’s economic standing, as well as to the politicians who benefit from the incoming revenue. Mismanagement of oil revenues since independence, corruption, the failure to redistribute oil wealth, the utter lack of development in the Delta, and environmental damage arising from oil related exploration related activities have hardened the resolve of those living in the region to agitate for change, and increased popular support for those groups fighting for a better deal. Militancy has grown in the Delta in response to the continued lack of attention to the basic needs of the population: Social instability, po or local governance, competition for economic resources and environmental degradation has taken a toll . . . . The delta today is a place of frustrated expectation and deep-rooted mistrust . . . [where] [l]ong years of neglect and conflict have fostered a siege mentality (UNDP, 2006, p. 16)1. The grievances of those living in the Delta are well founded. The population suffers from environmental contamination resulting from the operations of oil companies and the oil bunkering (illegal tapping of oil pipelines) of armed groups. Oil spills and gas flaring have negatively affected agricultural land, water sources, and air quality. In return, the population has received very little from the government, which benefits from the high revenues earned from selling oil overseas. Legally, the population has no control over the oil that sits beneath their land, and no claim to the profits accrued through its sale. The percentage of revenue received by oil-producing states has increased to 13 pe r cent from less than 2 per cent under military rule, but this funding goes to state coffers, with few visible signs of it being spent to improve the lives of people in local communities. Although the incidence of poverty is said to have declined since 1996 in the Delta (UNDP, 2006, p. 58)2, the lack of roads, the limited health care and education facilities, high unemployment, and limited future prospects underline the neglect by the state and federal governments. While there are legitimate grievances in the Delta, not all violence can be equated with a fight for justice, development, or equitable distribution of oil revenues. The Delta has witnessed the emergence of a plethora of armed groups over the past decades. Some of these groups agitate for change in the political situation and in the distribution of resources. More often, the push is not for democratic governance or an even distribution of oil revenues, but rather a call for the right to all oil revenues for oil-producing areas. In other words, it is a claim for resource control and financial revenue to be ceded to the oil producing states where decisions about distribution can then be made, thereby taking this decision-making power out of the hands of the federal government. Other groups merely take advantage of the lack of law and order in the area to engage in criminal activities and oil bunkering aimed at profit or territorial control. Although many groups use the legitimate problems in the Delta to justify their actions, no group has come forward with a political and economic plan of its own on how to resolve the concerns of the Delta communities. Given the difficulty in obtaining information on armed groups, as well as the fluidity with which they evolve, it is difficult to obtain an exact figure for the number of these groups active in the Delta today or accurate information about their activities. The numbers continue to change as groups emerge, merge, or disappear. While smaller groups certa inly have an impact at the local level, there are perhaps only a handful of groups large enough to affect the dynamics of the region as a whole. The most prominent group currently active in the Niger Delta is the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND). Other active groups include the Coalition for Militant Action in the Niger Delta (COMA), the Joint Revolutionary Council (JRC), the Niger Delta People’s Volunteer Force (NDPVF), and a number of cult groups, such as the Outlaws and Icelander. Armed groups have increased their use of violent tactics over the past year in the form of kidnappings, battles with security forces, clashes with one another, and car bombs, which is a more recent tactic. Such groups are demonstrating increasingly sophisticated tactics and weaponry, raising concerns about future violence. Those groups with more purely economic motives have joined the fray by tapping into the illegal oil-bunkering trade and kidnapping international oil and construction workers for ransom. The response of the government has been an increase in the militarization of its approach to the Delta crisis, but this strategy has not yielded the dividends intended. Instead, this heavy-handed approach seems to have spurred on the armed groups, solidified their commitment to armed struggle, encouraged recruitment, oil pipeline Vandalization, and raised public support for some of these groups. â€Å"Those who proclaim the death of sovereignty misread the history. The nation state has a keen instinct for survival and has so far adapted to new challenges, even the challenge of globalization† (Krasner, 2001: 20). He also argues that globalization is not a new challenge or phenomena. Even though I agree that globalization is not something of today, the question that remains is whether contemporary globalization is likely to have a different impact on the nation state then that of the past? For today’s globalization distinguishes itself fr om that of the past in terms of rapid communication, market liberalization and the global integration of goods, services and production. Taking the example of the European supremacy era in world trade, and its relation with the Far East, we can speak of a global trade and exchange of goods and services. This explains the difference between modern globalization and that of the past. Even though it might not be appropriated to compare the ancient world with today’s modern nation states, as we did not have independent and sovereign states then; we had independent regions. For example, China was not dependent on economical relations with Europe in the past; nor was Europe on China. But today there is an increasingly growing interdependency between them. The nation states are compelled to build relations with other states in order to sell their goods, services and develop a stronger and larger economy. So due to this interdependency we can undermine one of the three-fold capacitie s of a sovereign state -the absolute freedom from any external force, which shapes the conduct of the nation states. Although states are not literally forced to modify their conduct toward the international society or other states, it is in their interest to do so. Part of the sovereignty is also the ability of a state to solve its domestic problems on its own. But since problems and threats are getting more globalized, it is almost impossible for a state to act alone and entirely independent. Taking the international crime as an example, let’s assume there is a weapon trade between two criminal organizations rooted in Germany and in The Netherlands. In order to demolish this crime network The Netherlands is dependent on the assistance of Germany and vice versa. This undermines the second notion of sovereignty, which is absolute supremacy over internal affairs within its territory. Also seen from a philosophical point of view, there is a demising process in the sovereignty of nation state. The emergence of International Human Rights Organization, which is based on the Kantian philosophy that views the world as a community of free individuals; a community where nations and borders are no longer relevant or of any meaning. According to this philosophy one can speak of a world, which is going toward a global civil society. It might be worth mentioning what the notion of global civil society stands for. Originally the notion of civil society referred to, or was characterized by, a social contract. â€Å"Civil society was a type of state on the We will write a custom essay sample on Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Oil Transnational’s, the State and the Spatial Contexts of Local Militancy in Nigeria Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Snow Falling on Cedars essays

Snow Falling on Cedars essays Video: Snow Falling on Cedars Snow Falling on Cedars the movie was beautifully filmed and I enjoyed it very much. The way they captured the feeling and scenery of San Piedro Island was almost perfect. To me it painted a perfect picture of what it was like living during that time on The movie was different from the book, although there was not a huge difference. The movie for example, had a different name from Kabuo. They changed his name to Kazuo. I do not know the reason for the change, and to me I really didnt think it was necessary. Another change that I picked out was that some of the war stories and sexual parts were not included in the movie. The book gave a more detail and intimate experience of war and sex. The only major war scene the movie did depict well was, Ishmael loosing his arm during a battle. A possible reason for the director excluding some of the war scenes would probably be because of a time restriction. Even thought the director did remove some of the scenes, I still thought he was able to show the audience The thing that I was especially impressed with was the flashbacks. I thought Ishmael flashbacks were brilliant, and very accurate. The one that stuck out the most were the pictures of Ishmael and Hatsue playing together along the beach when they were kids. The flashbacks play a major role in the story, and the ability of the director to bring the flashbacks into the movie made it a lot more and enjoyable and easy to understand. The book and movie have there differences, but to really enjoy the story of Snow Falling on Cedars you should read the book. In contrasting the book and the movie I have come to think that the book had a lot more details in it and very descriptive, and the movie had did its best to depict the story, I enjoyed them both. ...

Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Methodology - Essay Example Holsti (1968, p. 608) defines content analysis as â€Å"any technique for making inferences by systematically and objectively identifying special characteristics of messages†. The later definition is broad and does not restricted content analysis to the domain of textual analysis. However, to allow for replication, content analysis technique can only be used on data that are durable in nature. Content analysis technique allows a researcher to test theoretical issues in order to enhance understanding of the data (Elo & Kynga 2008). It is possible to sieve words into fewer content related categories using content analysis. Cavanagh (1997) notes that when classified into the same categories, words, and phrases share the same meaning. According to GAO (1996), content analysis is important because it enables researchers to sift easily through large amounts of data. Weber (1990) noted that this technique can be used to allow for the description and discovery of the focus of individual, group, institutional, or social attention. The technique further allows inferences that can be later corroborated through other methods of data collection be made. As Krippendorff (2004) notes that "content analysis research is motivated by the search for techniques to infer from symbolic data what would be either too costly, no longer possible, or too obtrusive by the use of other techniques" (p . 51). Content analysis is a method that can be used in a number of disciples to study a number of issues. For instance in marketing, the method can be a very powerful tool in studying brand personalities of companies. A number of authors in marketing have used this method. These include Douglas & Mills (2006) who did a web content analysis of logging brand personality online using Aarker’s (1997) brand personality framework. Stemler (2001) noted that content analysis can be used to determine authorship. For example, he noted that Mosteller

Corporate strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate strategy - Assignment Example The constant need to venture into new markets and the pressure to judiciously utilize resources drives businesses to shape their corporate strategies and business objectives accordingly. The marketplace drives corporate decision making with regard to mergers, acquisitions, spinoffs, reorganizations and closures. There could be a number of different factors that prompt businesses to enter into new markets and locations, expand operations and enter into new business relationships. These factors include fast paced changes in tools and technologies, shift in consumer behavior or encountering uncontrollable factors, such as natural calamities and wars. In this era of globalization, mergers and acquisitions is one of the widely used modes of business growth and expansion for several companies. A significant reason for this is that the similarity in competencies among companies competing in the same marketplace promotes the betterment of financial performance, enhance competitive advantage, take advantage of innovative business opportunities and make an entry into newer markets and locations. However, mergers and acquisitions do not assure the organization of growth, development and success. The fact remains that a merger or acquisition can yield positive results for the acquiring company only if it is able to successfully manage the acquired business and transform it to ensure that it is line with the long-term organizational objectives (Haspeslagh and Jemison, 1991). A key element in the merger/acquisition process is the selection of the correct business that will be acquired. This process of selection is critical to the success of the acquisition, and requires deliberation, discussion and effective decision making. The main reason why organizations enter into new partnerships is to take maximum advantage of opportunities, such as entry into new markets and geographical locations, better access to cutting

Analysis of Japans Economic Structure

Analysis of Japans Economic Structure The Japanese economic structure has always been perceived to be both stable and reliable. Despite periods of difficulty, the rules and regulation surrounding the Japanese banking industry have always attempted to deal with any potential problems and to manage them both on an international and national level. However, there is an argument that the stringent nature of the regulation in itself has caused some problems for the sector, with many banks finding themselves in distressed positions having followed the approaches advocated by the central Ministry of Finance. Prior to the difficulties faced in the 1980s, which will be discussed in greater detail later, the Japanese banks largely followed the guidance of the Ministry and felt safe in the knowledge that there was a safety net in place should they fall into financial difficulties. Japanese banking, as a whole, was not particularly profitable and instead operated a cautious, yet extremely stable service. Despite this approach, the Japanese banking sector hit a substantial crisis in the 1980s, shocking not only those within the Japanese banking system, but also those involved in banking arond the globe. By studying the events that caused this period of difficulty and looking more specifically at the activities of one banking group, in particular, it is hoped that lessons can be drawn from the scenario that will prevent similar events happening again. Background to Japanese Banking The bursting of the bubble in the 1980s did not just come from nowhere; in fact, when the banking system within Japan is studied, for many decades before the bubble burst, it is clear to see that the foundations for this difficult time had been laid some considerable time in advance of the events themselves. Post war Japan took a very segmented and internal approach to banking. Very few transactions were conducted internationally, with almost all financing products being offered to Japanese corporations. This worked in the main due to the mentality of the Japanese people; they were keen savers, therefore, the banks in Japan had a steady flow of funds available to offer financing to Japanese corporations. As a general rule, city banks offered financing to larger corporations, whereas regional banks offered financing to smaller and more local businesses. In fact, international trading was so low down on the agenda that the government used the Bank of Tokyo in the 1950s and 1960s to deal with the foreign exchange needs of the country and to act as the main foreign representative. Banks within Japan worked together, with the long term credit banks offering completely different services to the commercial banks. The banks were very customer orientated, offering financing at incredibly cheap rates to stimulate the economy, often at the expense of the banks’ profitability. All elements of the banking sector were managed closely by the Ministry of Finance which was largely responsible for all rate setting and banking relationships. Mergers between banks rarely happened and when they did they were often unsuccessful due to the segregated nature of the different banks, thus making it difficult for companies to merge successfully in terms of culture, administration and ethos. Stability and low costs were the cornerstones of the Japanese banking sector and in this context Japan slowly became recognised on the international capital market radar due to the low cost of borrowing and the large amount of funds available. For example, when RJR Nabisco was taken over with a financing package of $25 billion, Japanese banks were central to providing the necessary funds. Increasing global involvement led to six out of the ten top banks in the world based on asset size being Japanese, in the early 1990s. Bursting of the Bubble Despite what seemed to be an extremely solid and stable banking system, the Japanese banking system suffered a terrible shock in the 1980s and 1990s, which resulted in a widespread financial crisis[1]. Prior to the 1980s, the banking system in Japan was relatively insular with little international exposure. As the Japanese banks began to deal more and more with other countries, they became increasingly attracted to different financial innovations and instruments, many of which were higher risk than previously undertaken. Not only did the influx of international finance encourage new innovations, but it also led to the Ministry of Finance having to loosen its grip on the regulation of the Japanese banking sector. Deregulation became necessary so that foreign banks were able to enter the Japanese market. There was a large amount of pressure placed on the Japanese government to ensure that deregulation took place, as it had a substantial trade surplus with other countries (i.e. it was exporting more goods than it was importing, meaning that it relied on good relations with these countries to maintain its trade position). The European banking system was also undergoing radical change and, as such, there was a growing need for other countries such as Japan to offer EU institutions equal treatment. The combination of these factors led to the Ministry of Finance finally accepting that both domestic and international banks had to undergo a period of deregulation[2]. A combination of a loose financial policy and deregulation led to the increase in the supply of money and the decrease in the interest rate. Cheap lending rates and greater availability of credit led to many individuals and institutions taking speculative positions and making much riskier investment than had previously been undertaken. Japan also found that property became a major issue, during the economic downturn. As Japan is a particularly mountainous country, land is at a premium and has always maintained a reasonably high value. For this reason, land was often used as collateral on debts and as a seemingly solid investment. Land and equity prices continued to escalate; however, in 1989, the Japanese government decided to try and control these spiralling prices by raising interest rates[3]. These increases in the interest rates led to a massive financial crisis with huge falls in the stock market and many of the previously entered into debts turning bad. Many banks began to flounder and a series of governmental bail-outs and mergers took place as the country struggled to regain control over the economy. Credit became difficult to obtain which, in turn, brought capital investment to an abrupt halt, further slowing down the economic performance of the country[4]. Zaitech Financing One of the main innovations in terms of investing opportunities that entered the Japanese banking arena, during the 1980s period of deregulation, was that of the Zaitech. Quite simply a Zaitech is a form of financial engineering which allows the banking institution to invest its surplus funds for a return. At the safest end of the scale, the Zaitech involves taking any corporate excesses and investing them in bank deposits. At the other end of the scale, a Zaitech could involve borrowing in the Eurobond market and using the finance to conduct speculative investments in bonds or property. It is this latter approach that many of the Japanese banks took during the period immediately after deregulation. The combination of low interest rates and high values of land encouraged the banks to borrow at the low interest rate and invest in property, bringing in a healthy return. Furthermore, many Japanese companies recognised that they could easily raise funds by issuing convertible bonds to the public. Between the years of 1984 and 1989, it was estimated that Japanese corporations issued a total of $720 million in securities, of which it was thought that around 80% were equities[5]. Japan also had the principle that corporations were not required to state how they invested liquid assets. This made it difficult for analysts to make sensible judgments in relation to the risks that a certain company was undertaking in the form of financial investments. This led to greater speculations and difficulties and caused the stock market values to plummet further still when interest rates were increased and the value of property began to slide. Background to the Sakura and Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group Case All of the turmoil above led to the eventual merger of Sakura with Sumitomo, in April 2002. Sakura bank really suffered, during the early 1990s, largely due to increasing costs, rising interests rates and falling profit margins. Its risk asset ratios, as required by the international body BASEL, were also substantially lower than is considered desirable and it continued to find it difficult to meet the capital adequacy rules. As much of the difficulty was perceived to be down to higher costs, Sakura set about reducing its costs by integrating staff function and information system technology, where possible. Although this had a positive impact on the company, ultimately the main problem came from the increasing number of bad debts that the company had in its portfolio. The Ministry of Finance had traditionally been unwilling to allow banks to write off bad debt as this would not have given a positive view of the banking sector. Companies such as Sakura were not concerned about this as they simply followed the guidance of the Ministry of Finance, safe in the knowledge that it was protected by the government. However, as the financial climate worsened, there was growing concern that these bad debts would have to be written off. This took time, and during the early 1990s, the bad debt simply mounted as institutions (Sakura included) were reluctant to admit to the failings within their debt profile[6]. Sakura’s segment in the banking sector was very much focussed on the retail banking end of things, with high numbers of mortgages being given to domestic lenders. As property prices fell and interest rates rose, this factor also led to a substantial increase in the amount of loans that were defaulted on and yet more bad debt was accumulated[7]. Worse still, Sakura was competing largely against the Japanese Post Office with its retail banking offerings; the Post Office had the advantage of being hugely subsidised, of having certain tax relief advantages and not having to seek approval to make changes such as opening branches. These advantages have made it particularly difficult for Sakura to offer customers competitive options. Recognising the difficulties facing the banks, the Japanese government offered a substantial bail-out to several banks, Sakura included, which helped to raise the amount of capital available to these banks which, although it was successful, did little to assist the economy, as a whole, as banks were still reluctant to lend any funds to consumers, causing yet further economical difficulties[8]. The Merger Despite the difficult times, Sakura did have some positive movements during the 1990s. One of its most successful ventures was the 50% involvement in the consortium Japan Net Bank which successfully opened an internet and ATM based banking offering. Sakura realised that it needed to form a strategic alliance with another bank, if it was to be able to compete with the other mega-bank structures that were being developed across Japan. It also needed to ensure that it had sufficient capital strength within the market. Discussions were entered into with several large banks and in April 2001 (a whole year ahead of schedule), an agreement was reached between Sakura and Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group[9]. This merger was interesting for several reasons. Firstly, the two companies did largely different things; Sakura was a commercial bank and Sumitomo was a money centre bank. Although Sumitomo was highly regarded amongst its peers, all money centre banks were generally underperforming. Prior to the merger, Sumitomo had established itself (through a joint venture with Daiwa Securities) as a bank that would substantially increase its offerings in relation to investment banking. In contrast to this, Sakura had particular power in relation to retail banking, particularly with the new area of internet banking that it had recently entered into. Unlike other mergers, the one between Sakura and Sumitomo was done through traditional avenues with Sumitomo effectively taking over Sakura and renaming as Sumitomo Mitsui. In doing so, the merged company was then managed by a unified board of 30 directors. Operations were largely merged, which resulted in a large amount of cost saving and economies of scale were enjoyed across the whole company. In completing the merger, the newly formed Sumitomo Mitsui became the third largest bank in the world. The merger was not all plain sailing and many staff left the company, some voluntarily and some through redundancy. There were also cultural clashes as two rival firms merged and had to accept external interference in their work, which had traditionally been kept very segmented[10]. Over time, the merger has allowed the bank to become much more stable and to meet the Basel requirements, partly through diversification and partly through cost saving. Current Financial Crisis The situation facing Japanese banks in the 1990s is not entirely different from that currently facing the US, the UK and much of the rest of the world. The similarities are stark; the US, in particular, has been mounting up bad debts, backed on overpriced property in exactly the same way as Japan did in the 1980s and early 1990s. Despite the seemingly similar issues that have led to the crisis in the US, as happened in Japan, there have been some differences which may allow the countries affected by the widespread credit crunch to avoid such a prolonged period of recession as the one that was experienced in Japan[11]. There are several reasons for this belief. Firstly, the US government reacted much more quickly and decisively when the emerging problems were first identified. In Japan, the Ministry of Finance attempted to maintain an approach of perceived stability for some time after a crisis became evident, allowing banks to store up bad debt for a considerable period of time. Also, other countries (and in particular the US) have much higher consumer spending, traditionally. One of the main reasons that the Japanese economy took so long to recover was due to the reluctance of individuals to spend any money that they had; this is not likely to be such a large factor in the current crisis. However; the health of the Japanese economy prior to its crisis should not be ignored. When Japan entered the period of decline in the 1980s, it was in a much more robust economic position than those countries being affected by the current credit crunch. It had a trade surplus, no borrowing and cash reserves. The US, on the other hand, had debts of around 190% of the gross domestic product when it entered the credit crunch period. Japanese individuals were also keen savers and could, therefore, reduce their saving ratio to mitigate the impact of the recession. This approach is not as readily available in the US and UK. Conclusions There are stark lessons to be learned from the situation that Japan faced in the 1980s and 1990s. Whilst, on the face of it, the parallels drawn between the current financial crisis and that faced by Japan are worryingly similar, it should be noted that a large part of Japan’s problem came from a reluctance to accept that there ever was a problem. With quick reactions from the government and strategic mergers, such as the one discussed above, the lessons learned from the Japanese crisis can truly be put to good use. Bibliography Allen, Roy E., Financial Crises and Recession in the Global Economy, Edward Elgar, 2000. Amyx, Jennifer Ann, Japans Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity and Reluctant Change, Princeton University Press, 2004. Ardrey, William J. IV, Pecotich, Anthony J., Ungar, Esta, Structure, commitment and strategic action for Asian transitional nations’ financial systems in crisis, International Journal of Bank Marketing, 19, 1, 2001. Arestis, Philip, Baddeley, Michelle, Mccombie, John, What Global Economic Crisis? Palgrave, 2001. Brewer, Iii Elijah, Genay, Hesna, Kaufman, George G., Banking Relationships during Financial Distress: The Evidence from Japan, Economic Perspectives, 27, 2003. Browne, Lynn Elaine, Does Japan Offer Any Lessons for the United States, New England Economic Review, 2001. Fiedler, Robert, Brown, Karl, Moloney, James, Liquidity risk: what lessons can be learnt from the crisis in Japan’s banking system? Balance Sheet, 10, 1, 2002. Friedland, John H., The Law and Structure of the International Financial System: Regulation in the United States, EEC, and Japan, Quorum Books, 1994. Hall, Maximilian J.B., Supervisory reform in Japan, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 7, 3, 1999. Hall, Maximilian J.B., The sub-prime crisis, the credit squeeze and Northern Rock: the lessons to be learned, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 16. 1, 2008 Herbig, Paul A., Palumbo, Fred, A Brief Examination of the Japanese Innovative Process, Marketing Intelligence Planning, 12, 1, 1994. Hickson, Charles R., Turner, John D., Banking instability in South East Asia: causes and cures, European Business Review, 99, 3, 1999. Howe, Christopher, China and Japan: History, Trends, and Prospects, Oxford University Press, 1996. Ichimura, Shinichi, Economic Growth, Savings and Housing Finance in Japan, Journal of Economic Studies, 8, 3, 1981. Kang, Myung-Koo, Japans Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity and Reluctant Change, Pacific Affairs, 79, 2006. Kashyap, Anil K., Sorting out Japans Financial Crisis, Economic Perspectives, 26, 2002. Katada, Saori N., Banking on Stability: Japan and the Cross-Pacific Dynamics of International Financial Crisis Management, University of Michigan Press, 2001. Kelly, Dominic, Japan and the Reconstruction of East Asia Book, Palgrave, 2002. Khoury, Sarkis J., The Deregulation of the World Financial Markets: Myths, Realities, and Impact, Quorum Books, 1990. Lindgren, Carl-Johan, Financial Sector Crisis and Restructuring: Lessons from Asia, International Monetary Fund, 1999. Liou, Kuotsai Tom, Managing Economic Development in Asia: From Economic Miracle to Financial Crisis, Praeger, 2002. Llewellyn, David T., Lessons from recent banking crises, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 6, 3, 1998. Mera, KÃ…Â ichi, Renaud, Bertrand, Asias Financial Crisis and the Role of Real Estate,  M.E. Sharpe, 2000. Mikitani, RyÃ…Â ichi, Posen, Adam Simon, Japans Financial Crisis and Its Parallels to U.S. Experience, Peterson Institute, 2000. Miller, Marcus, Luangaram, Pongsak, Financial Crisis in East Asia: Bank Runs, Asset Bubbles and Antidotes, National Institute Economic Review, 1998. Nakajima, Chizu, Japan: Recent Failures in the Japanese Banking Sector, Journal of Financial Crime, 3, 1995. Picard, Robert R., Groth, John C., Japan’s journey to the future, Management Decision, 39, 4, 2001. Rugina, Anghel N., A country and/or international organisation faced with a big disequilibrium: The case of the crisis in Southeast Asian area during 1997-1999, International Journal of Social Economics, 28, 1/2, 2001. Schroeck, Gerhard., Risk Management and Value Creation in Financial Institutions  By Gerhard, John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Sawabe, Norio, Accounting for the public interest: a Japanese perspective, Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 18, 5, 2005. Sharma, Shalendra D., The Asian Financial Crisis: Crisis, Reform, and Recovery, Manchester University Press, 2003. The International Financial Crisis, Challenge, 42, 1999. Valentine, Tom., Ford, Guy., Readings in Financial Institution Management: Modern Techniques for a Global Industry, Allen Unwin, 1999. Wolfson, Martin H., Financial Crises: Understanding the Postwar U.S. Experience, M.E. Sharpe, 1994. Wolgast, Michael, MAs in the financial industry: A matter of concern for bank supervisors? Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 9, 3, 2001. Yamazaki, Shozo, A Japanese Way for 2000 Beyond the Bubble Crash, Pacific Accounting Review, 11, 1/2, 1999. Footnotes [1] Khoury, Sarkis J., The Deregulation of the World Financial Markets: Myths, Realities, and Impact, Quorum Books, 1990. [2] Allen, Roy E., Financial Crises and Recession in the Global Economy, Edward Elgar, 2000. [3] Miller, Marcus, Luangaram, Pongsak, Financial Crisis in East Asia: Bank Runs, Asset Bubbles and Antidotes, National Institute Economic Review, 1998. [4] Nakajima, Chizu, Japan: Recent Failures in the Japanese Banking Sector, Journal of Financial Crime, 3, 1995. [5] Amyx, Jennifer Ann, Japans Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity and Reluctant Change, Princeton University Press, 2004. [6] Hall, Maximilian J.B., Supervisory reform in Japan, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 7, 3, 1999. [7] Mera, KÃ…Â ichi, Renaud, Bertrand, Asias Financial Crisis and the Role of Real Estate,  M.E. Sharpe, 2000. [8] Valentine, Tom., Ford, Guy., Readings in Financial Institution Management: Modern Techniques for a Global Industry, Allen Unwin, 1999. [9] Ardrey, William J. IV, Pecotich, Anthony J., Ungar, Esta, Structure, commitment and strategic action for Asian transitional nations’ financial systems in crisis, International Journal of Bank Marketing, 19, 1, 2001. [10] Kang, Myung-Koo, Japans Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity and Reluctant Change, Pacific Affairs, 79, 2006. [11] Mikitani, RyÃ…Â ichi, Posen, Adam Simon, Japans Financial Crisis and Its Parallels to U.S. Experience, Peterson Institute, 2000.

Use of Symbolism, Tone, and Irony in The Swimmer, by John Cheever Essay

Finding home boarded up; a sensation of coldness and unwelcoming takes over. Sudden misfortunes arise from what was once a perfect life, and the world appears upside-down. Attempts to remember what went wrong fail. Memories are unclear and time seems blurry. At one time, John Cheever found himself in this position, using alcohol to ignore his problems. John Cheever was born in Quincy, Massachusetts in 1912. In 1941, he moved to suburban Westchester and eventually became addicted to alcohol, which is a recurrent motif in many of his short stories. He died in 1982 from cancer. In his short story, "The Swimmer," an affluent man named Neddy Merrill decides to swim through all of the pools in his county to reach his own house. The neighbors welcome him at first, until a storm passes and everyone begins to regard him negatively. When he finally reaches home from his journey, he finds his house empty and boarded up. Just like the author, Ned suffered after he put aside his issues. John Cheever develops his theme that changes will inevitably come as time passes by in his short story "The Swimmer" through his use of symbolism, tone, and irony. At first glance,"The Swimmer" is literally a story about a man who swims through pools only to come home to an empty house- the symbolism makes it much more than that. One of the main symbols in "The Swimmer" is the swimming pools, which represent time periods. Halfway through the story, Ned reaches the Welchers and realises that they "had definitely gone away. [Their] pool furniture was folded, stacked, and covered with a tarpaulin" (Cheever). Unknown to Neddy, large amount of time has passed between the time he started his voyage and where he is now. Ned does not remember the Welchers' s... ...ss. Works Cited Blythe, Hal, and Charlie Sweet. "Man-Made vs. Natural Cycles: What Really Happens in 'The Swimmer..'" Studies in Short Fiction 27.3 (Summer 1990): 415-418. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Jelena O. Krstovic. Vol. 120. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Literature Resource Center. Web. 29 Jan. 2014. Cheever, John. The Swimmer. N.p.: Library of America, 2009. Print. Morace, Robert A. "The Swimmer: Overview." Reference Guide to Short Fiction. Ed. Noelle Watson. Detroit: St. James Press, 1994.Literature Resource Center. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. "The Swimmer." Short Story Criticism. Ed. Janet Witalec. Vol. 57. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Literature Resource Center. Web. 17 Feb. 2014. Watts, Harold H. "John Cheever: Overview." Reference Guide to American Literature. Ed. Jim Kamp. 3rd ed. Detroit: St. James Press, 1994. Literature Resource Center. Web. 18 Feb. 2014.

Surah al-Fatiha

Surah al-Fatiha is the first surah of the Quran and is recited in each prayer as the Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of Allah be upon him, declared, â€Å"There is no salah (valid) without the opening chapter of the Book.†[1] On accepting Islam, a person should first memorize Surah al-Fatiha to be able to perform the prescribed prayers. Its meaning should be learnt and contemplated every time we offer salah. Its name:   It is named Al-Fatihah, the Opening – because it opens the Book and by it the recitation in prayer commences.It is also named Umm al-Qur'an, the Mother of the Qur'an, and Umm al-Kitab, the Mother of the Book, according to the opinion of the majority. This was mentioned by Anas, however Al-Hasan and Ibn Sirin disliked this appellation reasoning that this was the most fitting description for the Preserved Tablet. Al-Hasan also said that the unequivocal verses of the Qur'an comprised the Mother of the Book. However, it is established in Sahih At-Tirmidhi from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him)? Main ThemeThis Surah is in fact a prayer to the Lord of the universe for seeking guidance to the straight path Who alone can grant it. He alone is worthy of worship and He alone is to be asked for help because He is the Cherisher and the Master of everything in the universe. He is All-Merciful and has bestowed countless of bounties on His creatures, but at the same time He is the supreme Justice and everybody will have to answer Him on the Day of Judgement for his worldly deeds. When believers implore for the straight path, He always showers blessings on them and protects them from going astray. Supplication is the core of worship and the Holy Quran encourages the believers for petitioning, â€Å"And your Lord said: Invoke Me, I will respond to your supplication†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ? VirtuesLet us look at greatness and benefits of this amazing Surah so that we are reminded of its greatness.1:Greatest Surah of Quran (Umm ul-Quran): Importance of its greatness is described in HadithProphet (SAW) said:†Do you want me to teach you a Surah the like of which has not been revealed in the Torah, the Injeel, the Zabur, nor the Quran?†, and also asked what He recited in His prayers. He replied Umm-ul-Quran (Surah Fatiha) the Prophet (PBUH) proclaimed, ‘By Him in Whose dominion my soul is, nothing like it has been revealed in the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, or the Quran and it is seven of the oft-repeated verses in the Mighty Quran which I have been given.From this hadith, we can say that Surah al-Fatiha has great importance as it is known as â€Å"Mother of Quran†. Also, it has no other match no matter whatever has revealed before Quran. Surah al-Fatiha is the prayer which Prophet Muhammad (SAW) recited in his prayer, that's why Surah al-Fatiha is the most important part of our prayer and without it our Salah is void. Pillar of the Salah: As we all know this surah has great importance in prayer whoever not read it in his prayer his Salah is invalid or void. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said Surah al-Fatiha is†The Mother of the Quran, the Mother of the Book, the Seven Oft-Repeated Verses and the Great recitation.† Cure of disease: Surah al-Fatiha is the cure for the disease as mentioned in the hadith:Hazrat Abu Saeed al-Khudri narrates:†While on a journey we halted at a place. A girl came to us and said: â€Å"The chief of this tribe has been stung by a scorpion and our men are not present, is there anybody amongst you who can recite something upon him to treat him?† Then, one of our men went along with her although we did not think that he knew any such treatment. However, our friend went to the chief and recited something upon him and the chief was cured. Thereupon, the chief gave him thirty sheep and gave us all milk to drink. When he returned, we asked our friend: â€Å"Did you know anything to recite upon him to cure him?† He said: â€Å"No, I only recited Umm al-Kitab (i.e. Surah al-Fatiha) upon him.† We said that do not do anything until we reach Madinah and ask the Prophet regarding this (practice and reward-whether the sheep were lawful or not for us). Upon reaching Madinah, we narrated this to the Prophet (PBUH), whereupon he remarked: â€Å"How did he come to know that Al-Fatiha can be used as a cure? (PBUH) Distribute your reward amongst yourselves and a lot a share for me as well. Light sent from heaven: An Angel addressed the Prophet (SAW) saying,†Rejoice in two lights brought to you which have not been brought to any prophet before you, Al-Fatiha and the last verses of Al- Baqarah†.Ibn ‘Abbas narrated:†While Jibril was with the Messenger of Allah, he heard a noise from above. Jibril lifted his sight to the sky and said: â€Å"This is a door in the Heavens being opened, and it has never been opened before now.† An Angel descended from that door and came to the Prophet and said: â€Å"Receive the glad tidings of two lights that you have been given, which no other Prophet before you was given: the Opening of the Book (Al Fatiha) and the last verses of ‘al-Baqarah.' You will not read a letter of them except that you will gain its benefit.† (Sahih Muslim) A cure for the heart: This Chapter of Quran have a supplication for protection from misguidance and from the anger of Allah. So this Surah protects the heart from corrupt knowledge and offensive motives.†You (Oh Allah) we worship and from You do we seek help†. (Ibn Qayim)As you can see this Surah has many benefits which we can utilize to protect ourselves from worldly difficulties? TAFSEERWhen we say Al-humdulillah, here ‘AL' means all or the entire hence meaning all praise is for Allah alone. The word ‘Rabb' stands for:(a) Master and Owner,(b) Sustainer, Provider and Guardian,(c) Sovereign, Ruler, Administrator and Organizer.This means that there's no one worthy of worship, but Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. He is the Sustainer and Owner of all that He has created in both Alams (Worlds). No prophet, no angel, no human, no so-called god or idol is worthy of worship, but Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. He alone deserves devotion, worship, gratitude and no one else. This indicates that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is the Lord of the Universe in all these senses.Ar-Rahman and Ar-Raheem are two names derived from the same root Ar-Rahmah (the mercy). One of them is softer than the other, meaning, it carries more implications of mercy.The name Ar-Rahman is exclusively for Allah encompassing every kind of mercy. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is Ar-Rahman for the entire creation regardless of what they believe in, whether they are evil doers or the righteous; they all receive their sustenance from Allah. On the other hand, the word ‘Ar-Raheem' is exclusively for the believers. Those who believe in Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala receive special blessings from Him and they are the ones who are going to be happy and content in this life and in the Hereafter. Just look at how Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala right in the beginning of the Qur'an has informed us that He is a Merciful Lord. He doesn't want to punish people just like that rather He is Forgiving and Merciful. The condition to seek forgiveness or mercy is repentance. May Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala make us among those who seek repentance as soon as they realize they have done something wrong that might have displeased Him. Aameen. After Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala describes that He is Ar-Rahman and Ar-Raheem, He immediately gives a warning, that along with His mercy, He is also the Master of the Day of Judgment. So that a person should not forget that along with His mercy He is also Just.We must therefore not allow ourselves to be misled. We should always remember that we are accountable to Him. He is not unaware of what we do in dunya. On the Day of Judgment, He will gather entire mankind from Adam aalyhi sallam to the last child born and ask each of us to give an account of our actions. He has the power and right to pardon us or punish us. We should be constantly striving to please Him. After the person has praised Allah and thanked Him, now he stands before Him, addressing Him directly; O' Allah our worship, obedience, submission and devotion is only for You alone, and we only serve You. O' Allah we know that You are the Lord of the Universe and You have the power over everything, therefore, we only turn to You for help, for our needs and requirements. By saying Iyyaka na'abudu wa'iyyaka nasta'aeen, we are acknowledging â€Å"You alone we worship and to You alone we pray for help.†The word iyyaka means â€Å"My whole attention is only on You or You alone. â€Å"The word na'abudu is derived from the Arabic word ‘Abd â€Å"Slave† (that is why the most beautiful name to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is ‘Abdullah meaning the slave of Allah) and â€Å"Na† in Arabic is used as a pronoun for We. So when we say na'abudu we are saying â€Å"We worship† hence Iyyaka na'abudu means â€Å"You alone we worship. â€Å"Wa in Arabic is used for the English word â€Å"and† so when we add wa'iyyaka, we are saying â€Å"And to You alone†.Nasta'aeen means to get help or to ask for help. When we recite â€Å"Ihdina alssirata almustaqeem† we are asking Allah subhana wa ta'ala to â€Å"Guide us to the path that is straight.†Siraat in Arabic means â€Å"The path†We ask Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala to show us the right path and in response to that He opens up the entire Qur'an as if saying, â€Å"This is the straight path you're looking for†. The straight path mentioned here and elsewhere in the Qur'an refers to Islam. We already mentioned the hadith in which the servant proclaims, ‘Guide us to The Right Way', and Allah says, â€Å"This is for My servant and My servant shall acquire what he has asked for†.When we make such a prayer to our Rabb, how do can we be led astray? Can we still have doubt and uncertainty in our life when we have asked Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala to show us the Right Path? We can only get lost in labyrinths of doubt and uncertainty due to lack of true knowledge. Let us hold firm to the straight path that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has opened up for us. After asking Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala to show us the straight path and protect us from deviation, we become specific in our prayer.We ask Him to show us the path of those upon whom He has bestowed His mercy i.e. people who are obedient to Allah and His Messengers. We seek refuge in Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala from following the path of those who have earned His wrath, or of those who have lost The Way. From traditions we learn that those who have earned His wrath are those knew the Scripture; who had read in their Books about the coming of a Last Messenger and his description yet they concealed the truth (meaning the Jews).Who have gone astray? Those who are not in search of the truth. Those who have known what is right but their weaknesses have led them far away (meaning the Christians). In the last ayah of this beautiful Surah there is a lesson for each one of us; anyone who knows the truth but hides it has earned Allah's anger and anyone who is not in search of truth may go astray. We beseech Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala to save us from following the path of such a person (or nation). We don't want that path Ya Allah, save us from treading in their footsteps. Aameen Ya Rabbil Alameen.? Impact of Surah Al-Fatiha on the life of a Muslim as servant of Allah.{In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.}– Always start your affairs with the name of Allah– His mercy is the first attribute used to introduce Allah to you{All praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds}– Reflect on His infinite blessings– A practical tip is to remember one blessing in each rak`ah (unit) of your prayer{The Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.}– The names of mercy are occurred FOUR times in a relatively short Surah– His mercy is the first attribute used to introduce Allah to you.  {Master of the Day of Judgment}  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Reflect on the Day of Judgment– Remember that this prayer may be the last one before you meet Him.  {It is You we worship and You we ask for help.}– This Ayah is the CORE of the Surah, and the essence of Tawhid (confirming the one-ness of Allah)– This is a perfect moment to think about what you want from Allah, and prepare for your upcoming supplication (du`aa') and wishes{Guide us to the Straight Path}– The number ONE request you definitely need from Allah is guidance, and from Him alone.Remember that If Allah guides you, then the whole world with its temptation won't matter, so be sincere in your request.The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray.

Pablo Picasso and Mark Rothko Free Essay Example, 1250 words

In the Blue Period, which lasted till 1904, most of his paintings portrayed a gloomy side of life in thin, half-starved figures often melancholic in shades of blue. Blindness was also an often occurring theme then. An example is The Frugal Repast, which depicted a blind man and a sighted woman. His paintings during this period might have got influenced by the loss of his close friend. Later, in the Rose Period, which lasted for the next three years, his paintings took on a more lively and friendly pink tones and figures from circus. Harlequin became a personal symbol. His work was influenced by Fernande Olivier and her presence in his life. Later, there was a short stint of African influence on some of his paintings like Les Demoiselles dAvignon till 1909. His meeting several giants of art world in Paris, his art technique took a turn and his works reflected Cubism. He was inspired by Paul Cezanne and portrayed characters as geometrical shapes, in different perspectives, which later came to known as Synthetic Cubism. It employed collage in art. Then, an influence of Surrealism is felt in his later works. We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picasso and Mark Rothko or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now It was in 1937, one of his landmark paintings Guernica was created on a mural on canvas in black color. It used symbolic forms lie a dying horse and a weeping woman which were noticed in some of this later works. He said about Guernica: â€Å"it isn’t up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be better if he wrote them out in so many words! The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them† (PBS, 2009). He used art as a complex medium. The Last Period of Picasso’s art witnessed a mixture of techniques, themes and styles. They were more colorful, which were criticized by his contemporaries, but then identified as uniquely belonging to the emerging Neo-Expressionism way ahead of its times. Many Art historians and critics say that Picasso’s art style and techniques changed as much as the women in his life changed. With every personal experience, loss, happiness and relationship had a strong influence on his art technique. He also gained much from the historical art as well as his contemporary giants, whom he met in Paris. He played an active role in the modern avant-garde depicting the techniques used by Realism, Symbolism, Surrealism, Cubism, Synthetic Cubism and Neo-Expressionism. Mark Rothko: Rothko was not so young when he discovered the artist in him. Unlike Pablo Picasso, whose significant early art outputs can be traced to the period when he was 14, Rothko discovered the artist in him in 1923, when he was twenty years old.